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Mirayiridzo uye Mabhenefiti nezveHumic Acid
2024-03-29 13:35:37
Humus chinhu chakasviba-ruvara, amorphous, polydispersed organic substance ine high molecular huremu iyo yakaoma kuderedzwa. Iyo inoumbwa kubva kumuviri, makemikari, uye hutachiona kuora uye shanduko yemhuka nechirimwa zvinosara. Naizvozvo, iripo muhuwandu hukuru muvhu, peat, lignite, mvura uye sediment. Zvinonyanya kushanda zvinoshandiswa muhumus ihumic acid uye fulvic acid, uye ine humin hushoma. Sezvo humic acid inonyungudika mualkali asi isiri muasidhi, fulvic asidhi inonyungudika muasidhi nealkali, uye humus isinganyunguriki muasidhi nealkali, uye HM hainyunguriki muasidhi nealkali. , saka vanogona kuparadzaniswa uye kucheneswa kusvika pamwero wakati kuburikidza nekunyungudika. Humic acid ndeye macromolecular organic acid inoumbwa neanonhuhwirira uye akasiyana anoshanda anoshanda mapoka. Iyo ine yakakwirira reactivity uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune zvekurima, mishonga uye Environmental kuchengetedzwa uye mamwe minda.
Humic acid ine zvimiro zvakaoma uye zvakasiyana. Nekuda kwezvimiro zvayo zvakasiyana, ine mabasa akasiyana siyana nemhedzisiro. Chokutanga pane zvose, chimiro che humic acid chinotarisa kuti ine hydrophilicity yakanaka. Kune huwandu hukuru hwehydroxyl, carboxyl uye mamwe mapoka anoshanda mune humic acid molecule. , ichiibvumira kune hydrogen chisungo nemamorekuru emvura kugadzira mhinduro. Iyi hydrophilicity inogonesa humic acid kusimudzira kuunganidzwa uye kuunganidzwa kwezvimedu zvevhu, kuwedzera kugadzikana kwevhu, nekuvandudza kupenya kwemvura uye kuchengetedza mvura kwevhu.
Chechipiri, humic acid ine yakanaka kuomarara kugona. Mapoka anoshanda senge carboxyl uye phenolic hydroxyl mapoka mune humic acid mamorekuru anogona kugadzira macomplexes ane simbi ions. Iyi yakaoma inogona kushandura chiitiko uye kunyungudika kwesimbi ions muvhu uye kuderedza kupararira kwesimbi. Muchetura. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuoma kwehumic acid kunogonawo kukurudzira kusunungurwa uye kugoverwa kwezvokudya, kuvandudza kubereka kwevhu, nekusimudzira kukura nekukura kwemiti. Uye zvakare, humic acid inewo yakanaka ion yekutsinhana masimba. Iyo yepamusoro yehumic acid mamorekuru inotakura nhamba huru yeNegative charges inogona kukonzera ion kuchinjana maitiro nemacations. Kuchinjana kweioni uku kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwekutsinhana kweion kwevhu uye kunatsiridza mbereko nekuchengetedza kudya kwevhu. Humic acid inokwanisawo kushambadza nekubvisa chikafu chekudyara uye kugadzirisa huwandu hwekudya muvhu. Kubudirira uye kuwanikwa. Pakupedzisira, humic acid zvakare ine yakanaka adsorption kugona. Nekuda kwemhete dzakapfuma dzinonhuhwirira uye huwandu hukuru hwemapoka anoshanda mune yayo molecular chimiro, humic acid inogona adsorb organic uye inorganic zvinhu. Iyo adsorption yehumic acid inogona kuderedza ivhu Regedza huturu hwezvinhu zvinokuvadza uye kuderedza kutama uye kupararira kwezvinosvibisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, humic acid inogonawo kutora uye kudzikamisa kudya uye mvura muvhu, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekudya uye kubuda kwemvura.
Muchidimbu, maitiro ehumic acids ane hukama zvakanyanya nemabasa avo. Mamiriro ehumic acids anotarisisa kuti vane yakanaka hydrophilicity, kugona kuomarara, kugona kuchinjanisa ion uye kugona kwekushambadza. Aya mabasa anoita humic acids inobatsira muvhu uye miviri yemvura. Inoita basa rakakosha rezvakatipoteredza uye kwezvakatipoteredza uye yakakosha zvikuru kuchengetedza hutano hwevhu uye kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza.
