I-Humus yinto emdaka-mnyama, i-amorphous, i-polydispersed organic substance kunye nobunzima obuphezulu be-molecular obunzima. Yenziwa ngokubola komzimba, iikhemikhali, kunye neentsholongwane kunye nokuguqulwa kweentsalela zezilwanyana kunye nezityalo. Ke ngoko, kukho ubuninzi emhlabeni, i-peat, i-lignite, amanzi kunye nentlenga. Izithako eziphambili ezisebenzayo kwi-humus yi-humic acid kunye ne-fulvic acid, kwaye iqulethe i-humin encinci. Ekubeni i-asidi ye-humic inyibilika kwi-alkali kodwa ingekho kwi-asidi, i-asidi ye-fulvic iyanyibilika kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali, kwaye i-humus ayinakunyibilika kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali, kwaye i-HM ayinyibiliki kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali. , ngoko zinokwahlulwa kwaye zihlanjululwe kumlinganiselo othile ngokunyibilika. I-Humic acid yi-macromolecular organic acid eyenziwe ngamaqela aqholiweyo kunye namaqela asebenzayo asebenzayo. Ine-reactivity ephezulu kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezolimo, amayeza kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nezinye iinkalo.